Olga01:
Yes, you are quite right, Amos tells that Yahweh , because of lack of unconditional faith and love for Him from Israelites, sent to them draught, locusts, shortage of food and water, and some military losses. But, says Yahweh through Amos, these punishments didn't make Israelits to love Him as He wants, that's why He promises to punish them even more.
So Amos quite clearly says that the cause of shortage of food and water was not oppression of elites, but natural disasters sent by Yahweh.
Thus, these troubles couid not show fat women in elite or any other members of elite, fat or lean, in any compromising way. They didn't receive their plenty of food at the cost of hunger of common people. This hunger emerged by quite independent reasons, and according to Amos, because of behavior of this people itself. According to Amos, Yahweh punishes the people with hunger not because of sins of elite, but because this people's own independent and free way of thinking. So the picture of fat women in the beginning can't be tied with famine in the next verses.
It is true that Amos directly says (without relation to the famine) that these fat women oppress the poor people, but it is a striking feature in this passage that he speaks only about fat women, while in reality lean women of elite would be no less and no more oppressors, than fat ones, and providing food for overeating women of elite just couldn't be any real additional burden for common people. It is not any amount of food for elite that can be real burden for the common people. If any ancient or medieval people would have only to supply the elite with extra quantities of food, the people just wouldn't notice such expenses.
So these words about oppression are used here just as a standard rhetoric phrase, and real hatred of Amos is directed against hedonism of these women. Not against fatness "by itself", of course. Amos condemns these women for the fact that they unrestrictedly please themselves and fulfill their bodily desires, and desire for food is one of the most standard objects of such attacks, while fatness is taken as a natural expression of the sin of gluttony. Of course, Amos wouldn't say a word against fatness caused by heavy metabolic disease.
By the way, Islamic authors such as al Hajj, firmly distinguish obesity caused by overeating and fat acceptance and other sensual motives from obesity caused by illness of metabolism, and they condemn only the former but not the latter. Of course, Amos attacks fatness of these women not as merely feature of their physical appearance, but as embodiment of their drowning in sensual and bodily pleasures, in this case in food consuming.
I'm not saying that these women
caused the famine. I'm saying that there was a famine, but during this famine, these women did not care about the lower castes, focusing on their comfort instead. It's that callous indifference that you clocked. That is a form of oppression.
Of course, placing the whole onus of the situation on these women would be silly. Not even Amos does this. He dedicates 3 verses to them out of the entire 9 chapter book. But wouldn't you be mad knowing you are struggling to feed your family when you know the ruling class is living indulgently, heedless of your struggles?
Giving their extra food is not enough to fix a famine, divine or not. However, the flagrant indifference to suffering is where they messed up.